A defined-benefit plan is a pension plan
where the company promises to pay participants a certain benefit,
with the entire cost typically funded by the company. Those plans
are now under considerable pressure.
The recent market declines have seriously
eroded the value of pension assets, while declining interest rates
have dramatically increased liabilities for future benefits to
retirees. The shortfall is so significant that many companies
will now be required to start putting significant amounts of cash
into these plans or look at other alternatives, such as reducing
or elminating future benefits. While companies can't eliminate
benefits that are already earned, they can freeze benefits at
current levels and reduce or eliminate future benefits.
Since a significant portion of pension benefits
is typically earned at the end of your working career, these changes
can leave you with significantly lower benefits. These plans tend
to calculate benefits based on your salary and years of service,
rewarding longevity. For instance, a plan might credit you with
1.5% of your average salary for each year worked, with your average
salary calculated using your earnings for the last five years.
So, if you work 25 years, you would receive 37.5% of your salary
as a pension. However, if the plan was terminated after 10 years,
you would still have to wait another 15 years to receive benefits
and those benefits would only equal 15% of your salary.
If your pension benefits are a critical
component of your retirement plans, those changes may seem unfair,
especially if you don't have enough time to accumulate sufficient
additional assets on your own. However, these types of changes
are perfectly legal, as long as they apply equally to all participants
and don't discriminate against older workers.
What can you do? Take another look at your
retirement plans to determine how critical your pension benefits
are to those plans. To be conservative, refigure your plans assuming
your pension benefits are only half or less of what you currently
expect. What will you have to do to make up this shortfall?
Also keep an eye on your pension plan so
you'll know immediately if your employer plans to make changes.
Then, get together with other workers and let management know
how important these benefits are to you.
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